Neural cells represent very limited regenerative capacity and cannot prevent the progression of central nervous system, and retinal, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Retinitis pigmentosa or age related macular degeneration diseases. Stem cell based regenerative strategies revealed successful preclinical transplantation outcomes, showing that exogenous stem cell derived-neurons can successfully engraft, differentiate, and integrate into the neural tissues. Stem cell-based therapies associate with important challenges including poor cell survival, limited differentiation, and reduced functional engraftment.
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